Leadership for Intelligence Professionals   

References in Order of Citation

Introduction

John P. Kotter, "Transformation" in Leadership Excellence January 2006.

Balancing Leadership and Management

Business Week October 2001

John Kotter, “What Leaders Really Do” in The Leader’s Companion Chapter 22, or Harvard Business Review May-June 1990 or December 2001.

Lee G. Bolman and Terrence E. Deal in Reframing Organizations.

Henry Mintzenberg, “Enough Leadership” in Harvard Business Review November 2004.

Kotter, “What Leaders Really Do”.

Desmond P. Martin and Richard L. Shell, Management of Professionals: Insights for Maximizing Cooperation.

Report of the Commission on the Intelligence Capabilities of the United States Regarding Weapons of Mass Destruction, released 31 March 2005. Full report at http://www.wmd.gov/report/wmd_report.pdf.  Details supporting that summary are in pages 83-110. 

The Requirement: Be a Leader-Manager

Peter Drucker  on the dust jacket of  Leaders by Warren Bennis and Burt Nanus.

From Schumpeter “Remembering Drucker” in The Economist, November 21, 2009.

Joseph S. Nye in The Powers to Lead, Chapter 3 "Types and Skills" and "Preface".

Kotter, “What Leaders Really Do”.

Defense Civilian Intelligence Personnel System (DCIPs).  To access DCIPS competences, go to http://dcips.dtic.mil/documents/IC_Performance_Standards_23Apr09_Final.pdf.

Department of Defense DoD Instruction (DoDI) 1430.16, “Growing Civilian Leaders.” of November 19, 2009.

Defense Civilian Personnel Management Service (DPMS).  To access categories and competencies for  “Developing Civilian Leaders” go to http://www.cpms.osd.mil/lpdd//cldf/Framework_and_continuum.aspx.

Office of Personnel Management “Competency Model” from NSA Leadership website.

Office of the Director of National Intelligence, "Executive Core Qualifications" for Senior Executives in the Intelligence Community, Briefing.

Colin Powell, first speech to employees of the Department of State. 22 Jan. 2001. From “The Powell Leadership Doctrine” Government Executive, June 2001.

Executive Order 13434, “National Security Professional Development (NSPD)” of May 2007.

Defense Civilian Personnel Management Service (DPMS) webpage “National Security Professional Development” accessed at http://www.cpms.osd.mil/lpdd/NSPD/NSPD/index.aspx.

Major Paul Oh, U.S. Army, MPA candidate, and David Lewis, Assistant Professor of Politics and Public Affairs at the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University, Management and Leadership Performance in the Defense Department: Evidence from Surveys of Federal Employees, February 2007.   

Captain Kirk Freund, USMC “Management is a Vital Part of Leadership”  in the U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings, Nov 1994.

Air Force Doctrine Document (AFDD1-1) Leadership and Force Development  18 February 2004.

Navy and graduate school. See Lieutenant Nathan Kring USN "MBAs Build Warfighters" in U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings, March 2004.  See also William H.J. Manthorpe Captain USN (Ret.) in "Letters" re "MBAs Build Warfighters" and "Graduate Schools Want You" in Proceedings May 2004.  Other Junior Officers bemoan the increasing emphasis on management. See Lieutenant Adam C. Wolfe, U.S. Navy Reserve “Combating the Management Scourge” in Proceedings, November 2009. See also LT Robert W. Thomas, USN, in a letter to the Editor of the Proceedings of the U.S. Naval Institute in the January 2000 issue.  LT Neil A. Wilson, USCG in the June 2001 Proceedings.  LT Jason Hudson, USNR in the October 2001 Proceedings,  LT Nathan D. Luther, USN in the February 2006 issue of the Proceedings.

David Wood "The Military Redefines Leadership" in the Baltimore Sun, April 24, 2009.

Martin and Shell in “Successfully Managing the Professional:  V-The Challenge”  Chapter 1

.Montgomery Van Wart Dynamics of Leadership in Public Service: Theorgy and Practice Introduction, "Leadership Versus Management".

But Can You Be Both a Leader and Manager?

Abraham Zaleznick in the Harvard Business Review of May/June 1977, reprinted January 2004.

Editor, introducing a reprint of foregoing in the Harvard Business Review of January 2004.

Abraham Zaleznick, in the Economist/Korn-Ferry International study Developing Leaders for the 21st Century, 1996.

Quote from a review of Leading Minds by Howard Gardner in the Army War College Parameters.  

Kotter, “What Leaders Really Do”.

Martin and Shell.

James M. Kouzes and Barry Z. Posner in The Leadership Challenge.

Develop Yourself to Be a Leader-Manager

"Business" in The Economist, January 24, 2004.

Survey conducted by the author prior to academic year 2008.  Survey showed that most graduate schools of business, management, or government had at least one required and additional elective courses in Leadership.  Stanford, Yale and Duke were revising their curricula to include additional required leadership courses.  That survey was conducted as part of an efffort to have the Joint Military Intelligence College (JMIC) retain a course on Leadership as it transitioned to become the National Defense Intelligence College (NDIC).  That effort was unsuccessful.  Thus, today the only graduate school solely dedicated to educating intelligence professionals, lacks a specific course on Leadership.

"Business" in The Economist, January 24, 2004.

But, You Can’t Do it All

Warren Bennis, Why Leaders Can’t Lead.

Van Wart.

Striking the Right Balance: The Role of the Organizational Leader in the Management of the Organization

Peter Drucker, “Not Enough Generals Were Killed” in Forbes ASAP or in Frances Hesselbein, et. al. eds., The Leader of the Future.

The Management Functions of the Organizational Leader

Van Wart, Chapters 6, “Task Oriented Behaviors”; 7, “People-Oriented Behaviors”; and 8, “Organization Oriented Behaviors”.

Lee G. Bowman and Terrence E. Deal in “Common Views of Organizations” in The Leader’s Companion.

Gathering Information of Performance and Results

Van Wart, Chapter 3, “Leader Formulation and Prioritization of Goals.

Van Wart,  Chapter 2, “Leader Assessments”.

Ronald A. Heifetz and Donald L. Laurie in Leading in a Time of Change.

Ronald A. Heifetz and Martin Linskiy in Leadership on the Line.

Lee G. Bowman and Terrence E. Deal in Reframing Organizations.

Gary Hamel and Lowell Bryan, “Reinventing Management” in Leadership Excellence Dec. 2007.

Ronald A. Heifitz and Donald L. Laurie in “The Work of Leadership” in the Harvard Business Review December 2001.

Peter Senge The Fifth Discipline.

Russell L. Ackoff in an interview in Strategy and Leadership magazine 2003, 31 (3).

Van Wart, Chapter 3, “A Model of Leader Goal Formulation and Prioritization”.

Hamel and Bryan, “Reinventing Management”.

Selecting the Change to be Introduced

Eric Rolfe Greenberg, quoted in the Washington Post of 22 Oct. 1995.

Robert F. Dunn “Comment and Discussion” in Proceedings of the U.S. Naval Institute, of March 2009.

Peter Ducker quoted on the Management Calendar page for April 1995.

Robert J. Samuelson, "Why I Am Not a Manager" in Newsweek of 22 March 1999 reviewing the book, The Dance of Change: The Challenges to Sustaining Momentum in Learning Organizations.

Eileen Shapiro, in the Harvard Business Review of March-April 1997

Schumpeter, “Remembering Ducker” in The Economist, November 21, 2009.

“Giving Advice in Adversity” in The Economist, September 27, 2008.

Harvey M. Sapolsky “Advice for the SecDef (What you won’t get in a Brookings seminar.) in the Proceedings of the U.S. Naval Institute  of January 2009.

Eileen Shapiro, HBR.

Hamel and Bryan, “Reinventing Management”.

Del Jones, "Feds may unleash Six Sigma on terrorism" in USAToday,  31 October 2002.

Schumpter “Fail often, fail well” in The Economist  of April 16, 2011.

Major Terry McFarlane USAF (Ret.), Commander Woody Henderson USN (Ret), Pam Kelly and Sam Landau, “Improving the Commander’s Brief” in the U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings, March 2008. 

Office of the Chief of Staff, Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA); “Year of Lean Six Sigma” in   DIA Communique, March/April 2007.

Adrian “Zeke” Walberg, “Evidence Based Management: Can it Be Used in the Intelligence Community” in DIA Communique, March/April 2007.

Paving the Way for Management Change

Tim Creasey and Jeff Hiatt, “Why Change Fails” in Leadership Excellence July 2008.

Van Wart, Chapter 11, “Tichy and Devanna’s Theory of Transformational Leaders”.

Paving the Way for Management Change: Understanding Organizational Culture

P. Christopher Earley and Elaine Mosakowski, “Cultural Intelligence” in the Harvard Business Review October 2004.

Joseph S. Nye in The Powers to Lead,  Chapter 4 “Contextual Intelligence”.

Earley and Mosakowski in “Cultural Intelligence”.

Nye, Chapter 4.

Ibid.

Hoojberg and Petcock, Competing Models of Organizational Culture.

Warren Bennis and Burt Nanus in Leaders: Strategies for Taking Charge.

Charles C. Handy in The Gods of Management.

Boston Research Group survey cited in The Economist of September 24, 2011.

Booz Allen survey cited in USAToday of 12 April 2004.

DNI James Clapper quoted in AFIO Weekly Newsletter citing CNN of 20 August 2010.

See O. Mark Marcussen, “The Power of Culture”, in Executive Excellence, October 2003.

Martin and Shell in “Individuals and Groups: Their Needs and Behavior in Professional Work Organizations,  IV- Emergence and Significance of Informal Groups’, Chapter 6.

Paving the Way for Management Change: Changing Organizational Culture

Thomas J. Neff and James M. Citrin,  summarizing the chapter,“Transforming Culture” from their book You’re in Charge—Now What? on the SpencerStuart website “www.spencerstuart.com/your career/leadership/927

Lou Gerstner, Who Says Elephants Can't Dance?

John Chambers in an interview with Richard M. Smith “Know What You Don’t Know” in Newsweek  June 14, 2010.

“Big is Back” in The Economist, August 29^th 2009.

“E-strategy Brief” in the Economist, 19 May 2001.

According to surprised CIA veterans.

Edgar H Shein in Organizational Culture and Leadership.

Thomas J. Neff and James M. Citrin,.

Shein, Organizational Culture and Leadership.

Paving the Way for Management Change in the Intelligence Community

George Tenet in At the Center of the Storm.

Dr. Rob Johnston Analytic Culture in the U.S. Intelligence Community. Published by the Central Intelligence Agency, Center for the Study of Intelligence.

Project for National Security Reform, Toward Integrating Complex National Security Missions: Lessons Learned from the National Counterterrorism Center, Directorate of Strategic Operational Planning, February 2010. 

John D. Negroponte, Director of National Intelligence in “Forward” to the National Intelligence Strategy of the United States of America: Transformation through Integration and Innovation,  October 2005.

J.M. McConnell "Overhauling Intelligence" in Foreign Affairs July-August 2008.

"Inside the FBI" in Time of May 9, 2011.

Clinton C. Brooks, "Knowledge Management and the Intelligence Community" in Defense Intelligence Journal, Winter 2000.

Wanda Orlikowski, "Learning from Notes: Organizational Issues in Groupware Implementation"(MIT Sloan School Working Paper #3428-92, May 1992).

Rebecca Henderson, quoted in Economist April 14, 2001.

Michael Schrange, in a speech to a symposium at the National Defense University in February 2000.

Prospects for Change in the Intelligence Community

John Helgerson quoted in Mark Mazzetti “Report Faults U.S. Spy Agencies” , New York Times April 2, 2009.

Carl Builder, The Masks of War.

C. Kenneth Allard,  Command, Control and the Common Defense.

Admiral Mike Mullen, quoted in David K. Richardson, “Building a Joint Culture in the U.S. Navy” in Joint Forces Quarterly, issue 50, 3^rd Quarter 2008.

George R. Mastrocanni, “Occupations, Cultures and Leadership in the Army and Air Force”, in Parameters Winter 05-06.

Roger W. Barnett Navy Strategic Culture: Why the Navy Thinks Differently.

Sapolsky “Advice for SecDef”.

Robert M. Gates “The National Defense Strategy: Striking the Right Balance” in Joint Forces Quarterly issue 52, 1^st  quarter 2009.

Quoted in “A special report on America and the world” in the The Economist, March 29, 2008

Colonel Robert L. Rile, USA "Defense is from Mars, State is from Venus: Improving Communications and Promoting National Security".